What Is an EUR.1 Movement Certificate?

Short Answer — EUR.1 Movement Certificate

The EUR.1 movement certificate is a document that proves goods have preferential origin under the rules of a free trade agreement and allows reduced or zero customs duty to be applied in the importing country. In Türkiye it is completed by the exporter, checked by the chamber of commerce or industry and endorsed by the customs office.

In which trade is EUR.1 used?

EUR.1 is a proof of preferential origin. In other words, it shows not only where the goods were produced, but also that they meet the rules in the origin protocol of the relevant agreement. It has two main areas of use:

Türkiye's free trade agreements: for exports to agreement partners such as the EFTA countries, the United Kingdom, Israel, Georgia, Serbia, Morocco, Tunisia and Egypt. Each agreement's protocol specifies which document is accepted; some agreements provide only for an origin declaration by the exporter instead of EUR.1.
Products outside the Customs Union in Türkiye–EU trade: EUR.1 or an invoice declaration is required for basic agricultural products and coal and steel (ECSC) products. Industrial products, on the other hand, travel with A.TR, which is a free circulation document rather than an origin document.

Which agreement exists with which country is explained in the entry free trade agreements, and the distinction between types of origin in the entry difference between preferential and non-preferential origin.

How do EUR.1, A.TR, EUR-MED and the other documents differ?

Document	What it proves	Typical use
A.TR	Free circulation status (not origin)	Türkiye–EU industrial products
EUR.1	Preferential origin	FTA countries; agricultural and ECSC products with the EU
EUR-MED	Preferential origin and cumulation information	Diagonal cumulation in the Pan-Euro-Mediterranean zone
Invoice declaration	Preferential origin	Shipments under €6,000 or approved exporters
Certificate of origin	Non-preferential origin	Countries without an FTA, trade policy measures

For the practical consequences of the difference from A.TR, see the entry difference between A.TR and EUR.1.

How is an EUR.1 issued?

The product's GTİP (Turkish HS/tariff code) and the product-specific rule of origin in the agreement (value threshold, change of tariff heading, specific processing) are checked.
The origin of the imported inputs used is documented with supplier declarations and a cost calculation.
The exporter completes the form consistently with the commercial invoice, including the description of goods, number of packages and weight; in Türkiye the process is carried out electronically.
The chamber of commerce or industry checks the document and its supporting evidence.
The customs office endorses the document together with the export declaration.
The original document is sent to the buyer; in the importing country it is attached to the import declaration.

Validity period and retrospective issue

Under most origin protocols, the EUR.1 is valid for four months from the date of issue in the exporting country and must be submitted to the import customs within this period. A certificate that could not be issued at the time of export may, if the conditions are met, be issued later with the endorsement "issued retrospectively". A duplicate can be issued to replace a lost or damaged certificate.

Why is EUR-MED a separate document?

The Pan-Euro-Mediterranean (PEM) rules of origin allow goods produced with inputs from several countries in the zone to still acquire preferential origin. Under the classic PEM rules, EUR-MED is used when this diagonal cumulation is applied, and the certificate states with which countries cumulation was or was not applied. If there is no cumulation, a classic EUR.1 is sufficient. Since the document type may change in relations that have moved to the revised PEM rules, the protocol applied with the importing country should be checked before shipment.

Common mistakes

Issuing the certificate on the basis of "made in Türkiye" without checking the rule of origin; in a later verification, the duty difference falls on the buyer.
A mismatch between the description of goods on the invoice and on the certificate.
Submitting the certificate after the four-month period has expired.

How does Voltim Global support you?

In export customs clearance, the type of origin document is determined before the declaration according to the document the importing country requires. Whether the product-specific rule of origin is met is examined as part of regulatory consultancy.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can both A.TR and EUR.1 be used for the same shipment to the EU?

Yes. If a shipment contains both industrial products and basic agricultural products, the industrial products are documented with A.TR and the agricultural products with EUR.1 or an invoice declaration. Each document covers only the invoice items within its own scope; two documents are not issued for the same item. Since which document an item falls under is determined by its GTİP code, classification must be done correctly in advance.

Is an EUR.1 needed for exports to Russia?

There is no free trade agreement between Türkiye and Russia or the Eurasian Economic Union; therefore no EUR.1 is issued. Where necessary, the Russian buyer or customs administration asks for a certificate of origin showing the country in which the goods were produced. This document is issued by the chamber of commerce or industry on the exporter's application and is attached to the customs declaration.

When can an invoice declaration be used instead of EUR.1?

For shipments with a total value not exceeding €6,000, any exporter may make an origin declaration on the invoice; for shipments above this amount, only companies with approved exporter status may do so. The declaration has the same legal effect as an EUR.1 and saves time because it requires no chamber or customs endorsement. The wording of the declaration must match the template in the agreement's protocol exactly.

Sources

Published: 09.11.2026 · Voltim Global

What is an EUR.1 movement certificate?